Tuberculosis and migrants in the BRICS countries: the case of Brazil

PROJECT: “Tuberculosis and migrants in the BRICS countries: the case of Brazil”.
Funding: World Health Organization

Principal Investigator of the Project: Ethel Maciel

Main Goal:

Strengthen care for migrants by adapting models of care and social protection interventions.

Specific goals:

Describe the epidemiology of reported TB cases in migrants, using secondary data sources;
Identify the number of migrants within the selected municipalities (Boa Vista, Curitiba, Manaus and São Paulo), their origins, mobility routes and demographics;
Describe the types of residence and / or shelters of these migrant populations and analyze the relationship between the architecture of these places and the occurrence of ILTB and tuberculosis and their resistance profile;
Identify financial, organizational and structural barriers that hinder access to the diagnosis of ILTB and TB in migrant populations;
Describe interventions according to different migration profiles, which can contribute to the elimination of tuberculosis in selected migrant populations in these municipalities;
Develop interventions that can contribute to the elimination of TB, in migrant populations (Boa Vista, Curitiba, Manaus and São Paulo.

The research project “Tuberculosis and migrants in the BRICS countries: the case of Brazil”, passed through ethics committees in Brazil and Washington, being approved in both:

CONEP approval: (Brasil)
CAAE:18703119.3.0000.5060
Número do Parecer: 3.953.347

PAHOERC approval: (Washington)
Número do Parecer: PAHOERC.0204.03

The study will take place in 3 phases

Phase 1 - Retrospective Study

Secondary data source:

Sinan
SiteTB
Sismigra
São Paulo e Paraná states databases

Phase 2 - Prevalence Study

Direct Collection (interviews with migrants in the municipalities of Boa Vista, Curitiba, Manaus and São Paulo)

WebSurvey

Online survey in order to understand the financial, organizational and structural barriers that hinder access to the diagnosis of ILTB and TB in migrant populations.

In Portuguese:

Participe da pesquisa eletrônica!
A pesquisa “TUBERCULOSE E MIGRANTES NOS PAÍSES DO BRICS: O CASO DO BRASIL” tem como objetivo fortalecer o atendimento aos migrantes.
Você não precisa se identificar para responder e precisará de aproximadamente 5 minutos para respondê-la. Garantimos a confidencialidade dos dados e todas as informações prestadas serão analisadas em conjunto.
Este questionário faz parte de um estudo da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo e da Organização Mundial da Saúde.
Quem pode participar?
Pessoas nascidas em outros países e residentes no Brasil, maiores de 18 anos, independentemente da sua situação lega
A pesquisa está disponível no link: https://is.gd/wf2_migrante
Colabore com a ciência!

In Spanish:

La investigación "TUBERCULOSIS Y MIGRANTES EN LOS PAÍSES BRICS: EL CASO DE BRASIL" tiene como objetivo comprender la situación de salud de los migrantes en Brasil.
No es necesario que te identifiques para responderlo y necesitarás aproximadamente 5 minutos para completarlo. Garantizamos la confidencialidad de los datos y toda la información suministrada será analizada de forma conjunta.
Este cuestionario es parte de un estudio de la Universidad Federal de Espírito Santo y la Organización Mundial de la Salud.
¿Quién puede participar?
Personas nacidas en otros países y residentes en Brasil, mayores de 18 años, independientemente de su condición jurídica.
La encuesta está disponible en el enlace: https://is.gd/wf2ES_migrante
¡Colabora con la ciencia!

Phase 3 - Implementation Science (Qualitative Phase)

Electronic survey directed to health professionals to understand aspects of health care for international migrants in the city of Manaus-AM,
Online survey to plan interventions related to prevention and care for migrants affected by TB, considering the different profiles of these migrating populations in Brazil.

Expected Result

Knowledge production for the discussion and development of policies aimed at migrants and refugees.
The optimization of health policies and service provision leads us to better social protection measures in collaboration with stakeholders across the social sector.
The opportunities arising from the study should be fully utilized to facilitate policy discussion in both areas and to encourage the involvement of multisectoral partners.

Educational Booklet - With an Eye on Tuberculosis

In order to alert people, especially migrants of the signs, symptoms and treatment of tuberculosis, the educational booklet “De Olho na Tuberculose” was created, available in Portuguese, Spanish and Warao.

In an illustrative and playful way, adopting the use of two characters, the Super Cocktail (represents the drug treatment) and Koch's Bacillus (represents the bacterium that causes tuberculosis), the material addresses the disease and advises on the treatment.

In the final part, the publication provides a brief explanation of the research carried out, voluntary participation and how to contact the team to participate.

The educational booklet was organized by UFMT professors Rosângela Guerino Masochini and Sonia Vivian de Jezus and professors Carolina Maia Martins Sales, Thiago Nascimento do Prado and Ethel Leonor Noia Maciel of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES).

booklet available in Portuguese
Cartilha em Português

booklet available in Spanish
Cartilha em Espanhol

booklet available in Warao
Cartilha em Waral

Social Mobilization: To expand the partnership with civil society, the Project had community monitoring, from the social mobilization area of Rede-TB.

A triple role. That is how activist Carla Almeida, 49, defines her role in the study of the TB and migrants project.

"It is important to articulate between the three actors: researchers, financiers and social movements", he summarizes.

She, born in Porto Alegre (RS), remembers that Tuberculosis has always been a neglected disease, with little visibility and that affects populations in high social vulnerability. “It is important to bring the perception of refugees and migrants at all stages of this project", emphasizes Carla.

José Carlos Veloso, 52, from São Paulo, prefers to speak of “partnership”. According to him, the work developed is aimed at promoting the TB research agenda in the political agendas of social movements, which develop and stimulate policies to confront Tuberculosis in the country. Still according to him, the idea is to promote this dialogue. “The biggest challenge is to establish a 'link' between the two sectors (civil society and academia). It is to build partnerships and make the research topic more palatable for social movements, this can only be done with approximation and dialogue ”, he acknowledges.

Since 2016, Carla and Veloso, coordinate the social mobilization area of the Brazilian Network of Research on Tuberculosis REDE-TB. For them, community monitoring should be part of the research, from the planning of actions to the presentation of results, with participation criteria defined between both parties. “Community engagement has an innovative character when we understand health research as an important element in the construction of public policies, expanding the debate on the topic and subsidizing advocacy and social control actions”, concludes Carla.

Partners of project TB and migrants:

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